The grave risks that the world faces in the technology domain, specifically focusing on Artificial Intelligence (AI) and cyber threats. It highlights the potential dangers of AI being vitiated and subject to adversarial attacks, as well as the increasing scale of cyber-attacks worldwide.
The first quarter of the 21st century reflects incompetence in global geopolitics, with several nations contributing to the state of affairs.
Europe, Asia, and Africa are in a state of permanent dissonance, while North and South America face varying problems.
Liberal democracy is facing multiple dangers, including terrorism.
The rise of al-Qaeda and the Islamic State has added a new dimension to terrorism.
Lesser-known terrorist outfits like Lashkar-e-Taiba and Boko Haram continue to carry out attacks.
The attack on Israel by Hamas represents a new high in the evolution of terrorism.
There seems to be no end in sight to the challenges posed by fanaticized groups.
The attack on Ukraine by Russia is a conventional conflict that has been ongoing for over 18 months.
The war shows no signs of reaching a resolution and the risk of a wider conflagration is increasing.
A new conflict has emerged in West Asia between Hamas and Israel, with the threat of an all-out war looming.
The two-state solution for resolving the Palestinian conflict has been abandoned.
The United States has deployed a massive naval force in the region, which could potentially involve Iran-backed militant organizations and Iran itself in the conflict.
The situation in the Indo-Pacific region is also uneasy, although no specific details are provided in the article.
The Indo-Pacific region is currently experiencing an uneasy situation that has the potential for a wide-ranging conflict involving the US and China.
The US and China have limited space for cooperation in the region and both seem intent on expanding the scope of their conflict.
The US believes it has the upper hand due to China's slowed growth and inability to acquire advanced technology from the West.
China is pursuing contradictory goals of checkmating the US-dominated world order while establishing a China-dominated order.
Issues like Taiwan are not receiving the attention they deserve in this context.
The West is attempting to replicate tactics used in Ukraine to counter Russia's advance in the Indo-Pacific, but there are fundamental differences between the two situations.
The Indo-Pacific lacks a military arrangement like NATO and has only loose and untested security arrangements (such as AUKUS and the Quad) to confront China.
Few countries in Asia are prepared for a military confrontation with China.
Technology risks are a significant concern in the Indo-Pacific region.
Artificial Intelligence (AI) and cyber threats are considered grave risks in today's world.
The increasing dependence on digital networks makes people vulnerable to AI's influence on their thinking and functioning.
The emergence of generative AI is predicted to be a game changer and could alter the fabric of nation states.
The use of AI for military and security purposes is a cause for concern and needs to be managed carefully.
AI is susceptible to adversarial attacks such as poisoning, backdooring, and evasion.
The cyber domain poses serious security risks, with cyber-attacks increasing in scale and frequency.
AI and cyber threats are expected to be the biggest dangers and critical elements in future wars.
Quantum computing has the potential to transform the world and is already reshaping certain sectors.
Quantum AI simulation is highly effective and efficient, but it also comes with inherent risks.
Health has become a critical factor in everyday existence, and the COVID-19 pandemic is considered one of the worst epidemics.
Experts predict that more epidemics are likely to occur in the future.
Climate change and climate change-related health issues are expected to be among the biggest global risks in the 21st century.
The demand for reservation by the Maratha community in Maharashtra, which is known to be politically dominant and economically influential. Despite their relative dominance, there are significant intra-community variations in terms of income and educational outcomes. The article highlights the need for a comprehensive socio-economic survey to evaluate the implementation of reservation and its outcomes.
There have been demands for reservation by politically dominant communities in India.
The Maratha community in Maharashtra has been agitating for reservation.
The Maratha community has had significant representation in political power and is economically influential in rural areas.
Data from the India Human Development Survey in 2011-12 showed that Marathas had a per capita consumption expenditure only lower than that of Brahmins.
Poverty incidence among Marathas was comparable to that of other forward communities and lower than that of Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes.
The Supreme Court in 2021 struck down the 16% quota provided for Marathas in jobs and education.
The demand for reservations among the Maratha community is not difficult to understand due to significant variations in income and educational outcomes within the community.
The highest quintile of the Maratha community has an average per capita income of ₹86,750, while the lowest quintile has a per capita income one-tenth of this.
The rural nature of livelihoods among the poorer Marathas, along with the ongoing agrarian crisis in the state, has led to resentment and the demand for reservations.
The government has set up a committee to issue Kunbi certificates to all Marathas so they can benefit from reservations as part of the OBCs, but this has caused tensions with OBC leaders who demand the committee be scrapped.
A comprehensive socio-economic survey across states is needed to evaluate the implementation of reservation and determine which group deserves it based on constitutional provisions.
Reservations alone cannot be a solution for uplifting the poor among Marathas, as government jobs make up only a small fraction of overall employment.
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